PEMIKIRAN WAHBAH AZ-ZUHAILI TENTANG AKAD SYIRKAH: RELEVANSI DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH KONTEMPORER

Abstract

The syirkah contract is one of the key instruments in the Islamic economic system, based on the principles of cooperation, justice and the proportional distribution of profits. Wahbah az-Zuhaili, as a contemporary scholar, has made a significant contribution to the development of muamalah fiqh, particularly in relation to the syirkah contract. This article aims to analyse Wahbah az-Zuhaili’s thoughts on the syirkah contract and its relevance to the development of contemporary Islamic economics. This study employs a literature review using a descriptive-analytical approach, drawing upon the works of Wahbah az-Zuhaili and other literature on Islamic economics. The results of the study indicate that Wahbah az-Zuhaili views the syirkah contract as a valid and flexible form of cooperation provided it adheres to Sharia principles, such as the voluntary consent of the parties, clarity regarding capital, an agreed-upon profit-sharing arrangement, and the avoidance of elements of gharar, riba, and fraud. His ideas are relevant to modern Islamic economic practice, particularly in the development of Islamic banking, Islamic cooperatives, and partnership-based investment. Thus, the concept of syirkah according to Wahbah az-Zuhaili can serve as a normative foundation for strengthening an Islamic economic system that is just and oriented towards the public good.